Novo Cruzeiro 野外工作照片

伟晶岩为何对锂勘探至关重要

我们的地质学家正在寻找锂辉石——一种产于伟晶岩中的含锂矿物。伟晶岩是一种颜色较浅、通常呈白色的岩石，穿切花岗岩和片岩（由热和压力作用形成的层状岩石）。最容易发现锂辉石的地点是岩石露头和旧手工采矿坑道；这些坑道沿矿脉延伸至地下。

寻找锂，首先要寻找锂辉石——而寻找锂辉石则从伟晶岩开始。这正是我们的野外团队在 Atlantico 的 Novo Cruzeiro Project 各处开展填图和采样的目标。

识别伟晶岩

运用您所学的知识。在前两张照片中，请留意手工开挖坑道内的大型白色伟晶岩体。第三张照片显示片岩中较薄的叠置条带；第四张显示的是地表风化伟晶岩——仍然值得采样。

Pegmatite vein exposure with internal banding

Pegmatite vein exposed against schist in gallery wall

Banded pegmatitic vein with quartz, feldspar, and biotite layers

Deeply weathered pegmatite with clay-rich and iron-stained zones

紫外光下的伟晶岩

在数条手工开挖坑道内，我们观察到地下的伟晶岩脉。地质学家使用紫外光突出显示副矿物；这些矿物的荧光特征可能与富锂段相对应。

Orange fluorescence on pegmatite under UV light

Blue-green fluorescence on pegmatitic sample under UV light

UV light on pegmatite surface showing faint orange fluorescence

Multicolour fluorescence on pegmatite under UV light

Blue fluorescence highlighting possible quartz-rich zones.

Blue-green fluorescence on pegmatite under UV light

手工采矿坑道中的发现

历史上的手工开挖坑道沿伟晶岩脉一直追索至地表。对我们而言，这些出露是有价值的野外观察，可为填图、采样和早期地质解释提供指引。

Artisanal tunnel within weathered rock at Novo Cruzeiro.

Entrance to artisanal working in weathered pegmatite

Atlantico field geologist collecting samples from an artisanal tunnel exposure at Novo Cruzeiro.

Pink saprolite exposure with biotite and tourmaline textures

Six-metre artisanal excavation exposing a lenticular pegmatite vein.

在小型工人挖掘入口的现场地质学家

沿路边露出的手工开采矿口

Geologist examining a small artisanal tunnel developed in weathered granitic rock.

用手电筒照亮的工人工事内部

Shallow mine entrance with oxidized pegmatitic material

Hand-dug subsurface gallery exposing a pegmatitic zone within weathered host rock at Novo Cruzeiro.

Geologist examining weathered pegmatite at mine entrance

片岩母岩内的伟晶岩矿脉，暴露在一个手工艺矿道内。

Pegmatite vein exposed against schist in gallery wall

Pegmatite vein parallel to foliation in schist.

Rust-stained pegmatite wall inside an artisanal excavation

Pegmatite vein cutting schist exposed within a gallery.

Rust-colored bands in a weathered pegmatitic wall within a shallow excavation.

Crosscutting pegmatite vein in gallery wall

Hand sample from pegmatite vein in gallery

Pegmatite vein exposure with internal banding

Pegmatite and schist contact showing textural contrast

Pink saprolite in gallery with biotite and tourmaline patches

UV light showing bright blue fluorescence in a weathered quartz-rich sample.

Layered pegmatitic vein with quartz-feldspar and mica bands

Pink saprolite with tourmaline and biotite traces

平行于蚀变面取向的纤细伟晶岩矿脉

Light-colored clay-altered pegmatite exposed near artisanal workings.

Banding in weathered pegmatitic material inside an artisanal mine

Folded, weathered pegmatitic layering in an artisanal mine

Banded pegmatitic vein with quartz, feldspar, and biotite layers

Cluster of shallow artisanal diggings along a weathered hillside in Novo Cruzeiro.

Collapsed artisanal adit opening on forested slopes at Novo Cruzeiro.

Collapsed artisanal tunnel with pale clay-rich material at the entrance.

Collapsed artisanal tunnel with weathered clay-rich walls near the entrance.

Collapsed artisanal working exposing soft, clay-rich saprolite at Novo Cruzeiro.

Deep, narrow artisanal working in weathered rock near Novo Cruzeiro.

Geologist examines an overgrown artisanal tunnel entrance in the Novo Cruzeiro hills.

Narrow artisanal shaft opening in weathered terrain.

Narrow artisanal tunnel in reddish saprolite at Novo Cruzeiro.

Shallow collapsed entrance of an artisanal working in reddish saprolite.

Steep, narrow tunnel entrance cut by artisanal miners into the Novo Cruzeiro hillside.

Twin artisanal tunnel openings within the Novo Cruzeiro project area.

Vegetation-covered artisanal tunnel concealed within the Novo Cruzeiro hillside.

Weathered face with white clay and feldspar textures

Well-preserved artisanal mine entrance cut into a weathered hillside at Novo Cruzeiro.

Wide artisanal tunnel through reddish-brown saprolite.

伟晶岩与伟晶状岩体

伟晶岩可赋存锂辉石，因而可能含有锂。我们对厚度、连续性和产状进行填图，以指示最有利区段的方向，随后通过化验分析加以验证。

Bagged pegmatite samples with coarse biotite, quartz, and feldspar fragments.

Collected pegmatite samples showing coarse mica, quartz, and feldspar fragments.

Dark pegmatite mineral fragments collected from surface exposures.

Close-up of weathered pegmatitic rock with pink feldspar and milky quartz.

Coarse-grained pegmatitic rock with quartz, feldspar, and red garnet crystals.

Contact between dark biotite-rich granite and light pegmatitic material, with hammer for scale.

Deeply weathered pegmatite with clay-rich and iron-stained zones

Field geologist examining oxidized pegmatite with quartz-feldspar banding

Gently dipping outcrop with a light-coloured vein in darker biotite-rich host rock.

Geologist sampling an oxidized saprolite exposure with pale veins

Close view highlighting dark tourmaline clusters within an iron-stained pegmatitic matrix. The red-brown kaolinized textures reflect intense tropical weathering of an originally quartz-feldspar-tourmaline assemblage — typical of lithium-fertile granitic pegmatites. — Hammer-scale view of weathered pegmatite with dark tourmaline and iron-stained zones.

Oxidized exposure showing a banded pegmatitic vein with quartz, feldspar, and muscovite.

Panoramic view of a large weathered pegmatitic exposure within an old open-pit cut.

Pegmatitic vein exposure with quartz-feldspar bands and iron-stained weathering, hammer for scale.

Prominent light-toned pegmatite vein cutting darker country rock along a vertical roadcut face.

Quartz and pegmatite veins in oxidized weathered rock

Quartz vein in weathered granitic wall rock, Novo Cruzeiro area.

Red saprolite exposure with pale weathered pegmatite zones

Weathered exposure showing pegmatite and schist with iron staining and tourmaline relics.

Weathered pegmatite with quartz, feldspar, and iron staining

Weathered pegmatitic face with iron staining and quartz-rich zones in outcrop.

含石英、黑云母和电气石的伟晶岩矿脉

风化的伟晶岩花岗岩腐泥土暴露

溪流与沉积物样品

溪流会携带来自上游的地球化学信号。Li（以及 Cs、Rb、Ta）异常有助于反向追踪可能的伟晶岩源区。

Granite bedrock exposure along a cascading stream near Novo Cruzeiro.

Field geologist collecting a stream sediment sample below a waterfall cutting through granitic bedrock.

Shaded creek with moss-covered boulders cutting through the forest floor.

溪流流过暴露的花岗岩圆顶，带有小瀑布特色。

Stream descending over weathered granite steps within a forest channel.

Geologist inspecting an oxidized drainage channel where surface water interacts with exposed granitic bedrock.

Waterfall exposing granitic bedrock along a forested stream channel.

Field geologist standing beside a shallow oxidized drainage channel cutting through exposed granitic bedrock.

Stream flowing over weathered granite with orange-brown staining.

Small pond beside a weathered red-soil slope near an access trail.

Small drainage channel used for stream sediment sampling in dense forest at Novo Cruzeiro.

Stream channel over weathered granitic bedrock with iron staining and hammer for scale.

Streamside granitic outcrop beside active surface drainage.

Exposed granite dome with shallow drainage and saprolitic weathering at the base.

Exposed granitic bedrock along a shallow creek channel, showing fracture-controlled weathering and sediment transport.

Geologist collecting stream sediment samples from a shallow creek cutting through granitic terrain at Novo Cruzeiro.

Shallow creek flowing over exposed granitic bedrock, suitable for sediment and structural observation.

Stream sediment sample NCZ-SS-0001 collected from a small drainage at Novo Cruzeiro.

Waterfall cutting through granitic basement rock in the Novo Cruzeiro region.

Waterfall partly obscured by forest vegetation along a shaded drainage.

花岗岩系统与围岩

随着花岗质熔体不断演化，晚期流体会形成伟晶岩。了解这一岩浆运移系统及其成矿潜力，有助于预测最大岩体可能出现的位置。

Broad granite dome exposure overlooking forested slopes in the Novo Cruzeiro region.

Expansive granitic exposure on a weathered bedrock high near Novo Cruzeiro.

Geologist examining a broad weathered granite exposure with faint pale banding.

中粒等粒花岗岩与纤细交错伟晶岩矿脉

Porphyritic granite with flow fabric and fine pegmatite veins

粗粒等粒白花岗岩与黑云母取向

Granitic outcrop exposure showing subtle mineral banding.

Geologist examining a foliated outcrop with dark biotite-rich bands and surface weathering.

Isolated granitic boulders and domal outcrops across gentle hills

Geologist examining a prominent granite outcrop with light-coloured veins in rolling terrain.

Field geologist examining weathered granite with surface cavities and vegetation cover.

Granite block with multiple fine pegmatite veins

Geologist examining foliated granitic rock with dark and light bands.

Weathered granite outcrop showing sheet-like exfoliation and faint pale vein traces.

Field geologist examining a coarse-grained granite boulder with visible feldspar and quartz.

Fresh coarse-grained granite with feldspar and quartz crystals

Granitic hand sample with quartz-feldspar intergrowths and iron staining.

Coarse-grained granite with thin pegmatite veinlets

Coarse-grained granite with fine garnet grains

Coarse-grained granite with quartz, feldspar, and biotite shown beside a pencil tip.

Coarse-grained granite sample showing feldspar, quartz, biotite, and minor weathering.

Coarse-grained leucogranite with quartz and feldspar

Garnet-bearing granite with coarse quartz, feldspar, and biotite texture.

Hand sample of coarse-grained granite displaying feldspar-rich texture with minor biotite and iron-oxide staining.

Granite exposure with coarse feldspar, quartz, and biotite minerals.

Medium- to coarse-grained granite with visible feldspar, quartz, and biotite.

Freshly exposed granitic surface showing coarse intergrowth of feldspar, quartz, and biotite.

Granitic outcrop showing coarse feldspar and quartz textures exposed at surface, with a rock hammer for scale.

Coarse-grained granite with quartz, feldspar, and dark accessory crystals.

Oxidized granitic outcrop showing iron-stained surface weathering over coarse feldspar and quartz textures.

Granitic outcrop with dark biotite-rich foliation and light quartz-feldspar veinlets.

Coarse-grained granitic outcrop with visible quartz and feldspar.

Weathered granitic outcrop with coarse feldspar crystals

展示出初步风化和矿物分离的 granular-rich 长石花岗岩的近距离观察。

粗颗粒的斑状花岗岩，具有深色黑云母–石英基质中的长石斑晶。

Fine- to medium-grained granitic exposure showing dark biotite-rich layering and light felsic mineral bands.

Granite outcrop with aligned feldspar crystals and a field hammer for scale.

Outcrop of dark biotite-rich granite showing foliation and compositional banding.

Porphyritic granite exposure with aligned feldspar phenocrysts, hammer for scale.

Rock hammer on a darkened granitic outcrop showing fracture-controlled oxidation and light surface water flow.

残积风化层与蚀变带

热带风化作用会形成残积风化层，它可能掩盖硬岩伟晶岩，但也会凸显可用于指导填图的颜色和结构差异。

High saprolite wall with pink, tan, and cream weathering zones

Geologist sampling reddish-brown residual soil over weathered schist

Geologist sampling a weathered saprolitic exposure showing alternating kaolinite-rich and oxidized bands derived from granitic bedrock.

Roadcut exposure of pink to red saprolitic material in weathered granitic terrain.

Eroded roadcut showing thick saprolitic cover over granitic rock.

Geologist collecting samples from a red clay-rich weathered roadcut.

Red lateritic access road through weathered terrain with small drainage ponds nearby.

Field geologist sampling red-brown lateritic saprolite at Novo Cruzeiro.

Geologist examining a kaolinite-rich saprolitic exposure with distinct bleaching and oxidation zones derived from granitic weathering.

Roadcut exposure with red oxidized saprolite in weathered granitic terrain.

Geologists collecting saprolite samples from a weathered granitic outcrop.

Geologist examining a weathered outcrop with reddish and pale clay-rich zones.

Field examination of a weathered outcrop with iron-rich bands

Roadside exposure of weathered granitic saprolite with pink to red oxidation zones.

Kaolinized granitic saprolite with quartz-rich zones and iron staining.

Yellow-grey saprolite with relict foliation and rock hammer scale

Exposed saprolite face with pink, orange, and pale-yellow weathering bands.

Roadcut exposure of weathered saprolitic material overlying granitic to pegmatitic bedrock.

花岗岩-伟晶岩腐泥土露头

Weathered granite blocks in red saprolitic clay

Weathered outcrop with vertical oxidation bands and clay-rich zones

Roadcut exposure showing deeply weathered pink to red saprolite.

Vertical saprolite wall with pink, yellow, and white weathering zones.

Field sample collected from an oxidized saprolite horizon at Novo Cruzeiro.

Labeled sample bag with kaolinized saprolite from a weathered granitic exposure.

Atlantico field sample NCZ-CR-0001 beside a kaolinized saprolite roadcut.

Field sample NCZ-CR-0004 from weathered granitic saprolite

Fine-grained pale saprolite with kaolinized texture, photographed with a pencil for scale.

Weathered hillside exposure with clay-rich saprolite and embedded coarse rock fragments at Novo Cruzeiro.

Clay-altered saprolite with iron-oxide staining and relict pegmatitic texture.

Close-up of oxidized saprolite with relict granitic textures

Close-up of saprolitic weathering with granular granitic fabric

Dark band exposed within weathered saprolitic material, showing remnant quartz and biotite-rich textures.

Deeply weathered roadcut with layered saprolitic soil over granitic bedrock.

Field hammer beside an iron-stained weathered outcrop with clay-rich zones.

Fine-grained lateritic saprolite with clay-rich matrix and iron oxide mottling.

Iron-oxidized outcrop with clay-rich material and quartz-feldspar textures

Iron-stained saprolite with mottled red and yellow-brown weathering textures.

Iron-stained weathered exposure along a vegetated slope.

Kaolinized and iron-stained saprolite with pink to yellow banding.

Kaolinized and iron-stained saprolite with quartz-feldspar banding

Kaolinized saprolite horizon with pink and white weathering bands.

Kaolinized, iron-stained saprolite with remnant feldspar textures.

Pale kaolinitic layer exposed beneath red-brown lateritic soil.

Pinkish-weathered granitic saprolite with quartz and feldspar relicts

Red-weathered granitic exposure with quartz-rich veinlets and hammer for scale.

红色腐泥土剖面显示富铁风化地平面和残余粘土形成。

Roadcut exposure of deeply weathered saprolite over granitic rock.

Roadcut exposure of pink to reddish saprolite in weathered granitic rock.

Sharp contact between pale granitic saprolite and red laterite

Vertical roadcut exposure showing kaolinized saprolite with quartz-rich bands and ferruginous staining.

Vertical roadcut showing deeply weathered granitic saprolite with visible textural relics of the parent rock.

Vertical saprolite exposure showing pale and iron-stained weathering layers.

Weathered exposure with red-brown saprolite, pale clay-rich material, and quartz fragments.

Weathered granitic outcrop with kaolinized zones and quartz-feldspar remnants

Weathered granitic saprolite with bleached feldspar and iron staining

Weathered granitic saprolite with bleached feldspar and iron staining

Weathered roadcut with oxidized saprolite and preserved granitic texture.

Weathered saprolite with red and beige clay-rich zones exposed along a roadcut.

Banded weathering pattern in granitic saprolite

Pink schist saprolite with quartz-feldspar veins

Quartz vein exposed in granitic soil

Whitened granitic saprolite with feldspar weathering

Yellow-reddish weathered saprolite horizon